Before you move to the past tense , you must know the concept of ” transitivity of verbs “. English lack it but Hindi has it. If you speak Hindi regularly, knowingly or unknowingly you are using it.
Lets master this concept through examples :
Consider the following 2 sentences
1) I ran
2) I ate
Now ask a question ” WHAT ” to the above sentences
1) A :I ran.
B : What ?
It is meaningless. There is no answer for this stupid question. In this case, the verb ” RUN ” is called an intransitive verb.
Now see the 2nd sentence
2)A :I ate.
B : What ?
A :A Pizza
There is an answer. So, the verb “eat” is Transitive.
A :I saw. A: I wrote A : I made A : I took
B :What ? B: What ? B : What ? B: What ?
A :A Cow A : Numbers A : A tatto A : A Pen
All the verbs above are transitive.
Now the question is, what is so great being a transitive verb ? Why do I have to bother about them?
The answer is, in past tense, transitive verbs have to listen to the objects present in the sentence.
Carefully read the following sentences
In present tense:
Ajay says, ” मी उठतो (wake-up) “.
Rani says, ” मी उठते.”.
“To wake” is an intransitive verb since asking “WHAT” to above sentences is meaningless.
Let’s see how these sentences look in Past tense:
Ajay says, “मी उठ-लो.” ( I woke-up)
Rani says, “मी उठ-ली”. (I woke-up)
For all intransitive verbs : -तो becomes -लो and -ते becomes -ली in past tense.
मी थांब-तो (I stop) -> मी थांब-लो (I stopped) and मी थांब-ते -> मी थांब-ली
मी धाव-तो (I run) -> मी धाव-लो (I ran) and मी धाव-ते -> मी धाव-ली
मी चाल-तो (I walk) -> मी चाल-लो (I walked) and मी चाल-ते -> मी चाल-ली
Now let’s repeat everything for a transitive verbs
In present tense:
Ajay says, ” मी खा-तो” (eat) .
Rani says, ” मी खा-ते.”.
If we go by the above rules then these sentences will look like :
Ajay says, “मी खा-लो.”
Rani says, “मी खा-ली”.
This is wrong Marathi.People will laugh and tell you to visit mindurmarathi.com regularly.
Unlike intransitive verbs, transitive verbs obey to the object and not the subject.
” Ajay eats snakes”
Transitive verbs will obey to the object : Snake ,not the Subject : Ajay.
If the gender of the object is masculine , then verb takes the suffix -ला , if feminine then suffix-ली and if plural then it takes suffix -ले
मी समोसा खा-ल्ला ( I ate Samosa )
मी पाव-भाजी खा-ल्ली ( I ate Pao-bhaji)
मी समोसे खा-ल्ले. ( I ate many Samosa)
Please read the next lesson to master this concept.
Next Lesson : Past tense in Marathi>>>>
How to simply say , ‘I ate ‘ (when what I ate does not matter )
mee khalle.
You would say “me bhojan kela” as in I ate food
Or you could say “me bhojan kela” as in I had food
Both are right.
What about “Me jevan kela ?”
Ideally it should be ” maaze jevan zaale”
I like these lesson very interesting and easy to learn.thank you very much.
I love these lessons. Very easy to learn. Thank you. Can you please post the link of your next lesson after this topic of transitivity?
सकर्मक और अकर्मक क्रियापद तो हिन्दी जैसा ही है, लेकिन ‘झाला’ शब्द मराठी में किस संदर्भ में प्रयोग होता है जरा उदाहरण के साथ समझाइये।
“zaala” is like “ho gaya” of Hindi.
Example :
My work is finished. = “maaze kaam zaale”
It became dark =”andhaar zaala”
‘मी लग्न झाला’ – क्या इसका मतलब है ‘मैने शादी किया’ ?
mee lagna kele = maine shaadi kiyaa
maaze lagnaa zaale =meree shaadi hui
एक मराठी वाक्य है – अनेक दिग्गज रिंगणात | इसका हिंदी अनुबाद क्या होगा ?
Many bigshots in the ring
Really easy to grasp and just the right amount of new concepts in each lesson.
thanks a lot Akshay.. U make me come back to learn some more..:D
Thanks Rahul.
In our student life, we used to have a revision exercise after the entire syllabus was completed. It used to cover the the salient features of the syllabus to have a grasp on the complete course material. That acted like a refresher course. To me, highlighting of the main features of Marathi Grammar through lessons like this serves a very useful purpose of refreshing our memories and updation of our knowledge. This is indeed a very commendable job. I wish you to give such important points from time to time through lessons like this one. Thank you very much Akshay, I can assure you to take full advantage of your good efforts.
Thank You Tarit sir. Thank you for taking time to write such a nice comment. You are always a source of encouragement to me. Thanks again.
Hi Akshay
Am enjoying the lessons and understanding them too but can’t seem to remember the rules properly.
I think ” I stop ” should be transitive because we can ask ” Where ” .
No ‘stop’ is intransitive.
Asking ‘what’ matters not ‘where’