We know the difference between transitive and intransitive verbs. This was covered in the chapter ” Theory of transitivity“.
Previous chapter we dealt with the intransitive verbs:those verbs which do not consider the presence of an object in a sentence.
Now lets study some transitive verbs and their use in the Past tense.
Transitive verbs listen to the object in a sentence; not to the subject. Lets see this with an example.
Ramesh ate a Samosa = रमेशने समोसा खा-ल्ला. (ramesh-ne samosa kha-lla)
Ramesh ate an Idli = रमेशने इडली खा-ल्ली. (ramesh ne idli kha-lli)
Rani ate a Samosa = राणी ने समोसा खा-ल्ला. (raani ne samosa kha-lla)
Rani ate an Idli = राणी ने इडली खा-ल्ली. (raani ne idli kha-lli)
The verb खा-णे is listening to the objects in the sentences. It is independent whether Ramesh is eating or Rani is eating. It is rather dependent on what you are eating. If you are eating an Masculine object, the it takes the suffix -ला and if feminine then it takes the suffix -ली. For neuter or plural suffix -ले is used.
Now lets study some commonly used transitive verbs and their usage in the past tense.
Verbs | M | F | N |
Read | मी पेपर वाच-ला(me paper vachla) | मी स्टोरी वाच-ली(me story vachli) | मी पुस्तक वाच-ले(me pustak vachle) |
Drank | मी चहा पि-ला.(me chahaa pilaa) | मी कॉफ्फी पि-ली(me coffee pili) | मी सरबत पि-ले(me sarbat pile) |
Watched | मी देश पाहि-ला.(me desh pahila) | मी नदी पाहि-ली.(mee nadi pahili) | मी पुस्तक पाहि-ले(me pustak pahile) |
Gave | मी पेन दि-ला(mee pen dila) | मी पेन्सील दि-ली (me pencil dili) | मी पुस्तक दि-ले(me pustak dile) |
Took | मी पेन घेत-ला(me pen ghetla) | मी पेन्सिल घेत-ली(me pencil ghetli) | मी पुस्तक घेत-ले(me pustak ghetle) |
That is it. There is no point in only reading. The purpose here was to only make you familiar with the concept.More verbs you will learn when you solve the exercises.
Transitive verbs
Also, solve the exercise on transitive verbs.
In case of transitive verbs sometimes simple la/li/le is used as shown in the chart and sometimes lla/lli is used, what is the rule for this?
There is no rule. Some verbs are exceptions.
Is there a list of masculine-feminine-neuter objects? In my mother tongue bengali all objects are neuter and perhaps in english too and I don’t know hindi to that extent so I’m ultimately confused of “shirt dhutla” and “pant dhutli”
Yeah, my many bengali friends face this problem. I don’t think I have any solution for this.Only speaking with people or watching movies may help you to understand gender of an object. However, in English, there are 3 genders , masculine,feminine and neuter.
In ques 7
पाहि-ला should come in the correct option
And while referring the verb WATCHED – in neuter sense, पहि-ले is correct or पाहि-ले should come.. please clarify.. coz in google translate, it says पाहि-ले for all three genders.
it was a tiny typo. corrected. It should be paahile.
thanks .
You have एक छोटासा typo in your table: M-Drank:
मी चहा पि-ला. (me paper vachla)
updated.
Sir,
In English, all objects are sex-neutral. As words like water or book are without any specific sex in English. This is not the case in Hindi or Marathi. But in Bengali, the objects are sexless like English.
Sir I want to ask that is Main and Maine are same in the Marathi… We will use Me for both or anything else
Yes they are same.
Strange that shirt and tea are masculine in Marathi unlike Hindi where they’re feminine. This is gonna be tough memorizing the gender of all nouns.
Akshay, I think that in the 2nd example , चहा should be neutral .
chahaa is masculine . We say ‘to chahaa’ not ‘te chahaa’